Clinical Adult Literature Updates from July 2017

Poor sleep is associated with CSF biomarkers of amyloid pathology in cognitively normal adults

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Neurology. 2017 Jul 5

Authors:  Sprecher KE, Koscik RL, Carlsson CM, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Okonkwo OC, Sager MA, Asthana S, Johnson SC, Benca RM, Bendlin BB.

“Self-report of poor sleep was associated with greater AD-related pathology in cognitively healthy adults at risk for AD. Effective strategies exist for improving sleep; therefore sleep health may be a tractable target for early intervention to attenuate AD pathogenesis.”

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28679595

Assessment of neuroinflammation in patients with idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: a case-control study

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Lancet Neurol. 2017 Jul 3.

Authors: Stokholm MG, Iranzo A, Østergaard K, Serradell M, Otto M, Svendsen KB, Garrido A, Vilas D, Borghammer P, Santamaria J, Møller A, Gaig C, Brooks DJ, Tolosa E, Pavese N.

In patients with idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder, increased microglial activation was detected by PET in the substantia nigra along with reduced dopaminergic function in the putamen.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28684245

Anaesthetic management of sleep-disordered breathing in adults

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Respirology. 2016 Dec 17.

Authors: Hillman DR, Chung F.

“Patients with sleep-related breathing disorders are more vulnerable to hypoventilation and asphyxia when deeply sedated. Addressing this vulnerability requires a systematic approach to identification of patients and circumstances that magnify this risk, and methods of managing it that seek to reconcile the need for safety with cost-effective use of resources.”

The Cognitive Effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Updated Meta-analysis

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Arch Clin Neurospsychol 2016 Mar.31 (2): 186-93.

Authors: Stranks EK, Crowe SF.

This meta-analysis investigated the cognitive functioning of patients prior to receiving any treatment such as CPAP. A total of 19 studies were included. The authors found statistically significant negative effect sizes in many cognitive domains. The clinical implications, possible causal mechanisms and future implications for research are discussed.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26743325

Understanding Phenotypes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Applications in Anesthesia, Surgery, and Perioperative Medicine

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Anesth Analg. 2016 Nov 17.

Authors: Subramani Y, Singh M, Wong J, Kushida CA, Malhotra A, Chung F

This review article summarizes the different pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to different endotypes and phenotypes of OSA, and discusses the possible perioperative implications and future directions of research.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27861433

Continuous positive airway pressure treatment impact on memory processes in obstructive sleep apnea patients: a randomized sham-controlled trial

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Sleep Med 2016 Aug;24:44-50.

Authors: Joyeux-Faure M, Naegelé B, Pépin JL, Tamisier R, Lévy P, Launois SH

This study was conducted in a French outpatient sleep clinic. 36 patients with OSA were randomized to receive either CPAP (n=18) or sham CPAP (n=18) for 6 weeks. The patients underwent an extensive battery of tests evaluating 3 separate memory systems before and after treatment. The authors did not find improvement in memory performance after 6 weeks of treatment.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27810185

Laser-Assisted Uvulopalatoplasty for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Posted in Clinical Adult, Literature Updates
Posted: July 14, 2017
Contributors: Jean Wong, Susana Vacas
Published: Sleep. 2017 Mar 1;40(3).

Authors: Camacho M, Nesbitt NB, Lambert E, Song SA, Chang ET, Liu SY, Kushida CA, Zaghi S.

A systematic review and meta-analysis on laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty (LAUP) for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). LAUP reduced AHI by 32% among all patients; while the LSAT only changed minimally. Individual data demonstrated a success rate of 23%, cure rate of 8%, and worsening of the AHI among 44% of patients.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28201808

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